A New CD10 Antibody Inhibits the Growth of Malignant Mesothelioma

Our plain-English summary of A New CD10 Antibody Inhibits the Growth of Malignant Mesothelioma, by N. Mizutani, M. Abe, K. Kajino, et al (Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy, 2021).

The study

• Authors: N. Mizutani, M. Abe, K. Kajino, S. Matsuoka
• Journal: Monoclonal Antibodies in Immunodiagnosis and Immunotherapy
• Published: 2021;40(1):21-27
• Cited by: 7 articles, as counted by NIH iCite
• Read it: PubMed · Publisher · Free full text

Abstract

Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are aggressive therapy-resistant tumors that generally have a poor prognosis. We previously reported the establishment of four new monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the diagnosis and treatment of MM. In this report, we characterized one of these antibodies, JMAM-1. The molecules whose antibodies were calibrated were picked up, transfected assuming CD10, and elucidated by fluorescence activated cell sorter. Survival experiments were performed using tumor-bearing mice model. JMAM-1 mAb was found to bind with CD10 antigen. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a small but prolonged survival effect. JMAM-1 mAb-treated MSTO-211H cells showed increased cell cycle arrest involved by cyclin-dependent-kinase. JMAM-1 antibody has cytostatic effect and may be a candidate for the treatment of MM. Among mesothelioma, CD10-positive cases have been reported to have a poorer prognosis than negative cases, which can be used as a tool for diagnosis.

In plain English

This laboratory study examined JMAM-1, one of four antibodies against malignant mesothelioma that the authors had made earlier. It did not study asbestos exposure or patients. Liver cancer cells (Huh-7) that normally did not bind JMAM-1 did bind it after the authors added the gene for a protein called CD10. This suggested to them that JMAM-1 recognizes CD10. In MSTO-211H mesothelioma cells, 17.3% of cells were in the DNA-copying (S) phase with JMAM-1, compared with 27.6% with the control. Thirty nude mice were given NCI-H226 mesothelioma cells. The group given the higher antibody dose (100 micrograms per mouse) showed a slight but prolonged survival effect compared with the lower-dose group and the phosphate-buffered saline control group. The mouse result was shown as a Kaplan-Meier curve, but no survival times or statistical test for it were given. In another cell test, JMAM-1 inhibited growth about as much as the anti-CD26 and ERC-mesothelin antibodies. The authors concluded that JMAM-1 inhibits mesothelioma cell proliferation and called it an effective treatment for malignant mesothelioma. That conclusion rests on cell and mouse experiments only.

We wrote this plain-English summary from the full article with the help of AI, and a second AI model checked each sentence against the article. It is not the authors' wording; the abstract and the article are their own account.

What the study did and found

• Design: Laboratory study using cultured cell lines and a mouse tumor (xenograft) survival experiment
• Who was studied: Human mesothelioma cell lines NCI-H226 and MSTO-211H, Huh-7 hepatoma (liver cancer) cells, and thirty female BALB/c nude mice injected with NCI-H226 cells; work done at Juntendo University, Japan
• Exposure: No asbestos or fiber exposure was studied. The cells were treated with the JMAM-1 monoclonal antibody (for example 5 micrograms per mL in the cell viability test). Mice received 10 or 100 micrograms of JMAM-1, or phosphate-buffered saline, 11 times between days 1 and 23.
• Main results:
  • Huh-7 cells did not normally bind JMAM-1 but did after a CD10 plasmid was introduced; the authors took this to suggest JMAM-1 is an anti-CD10 antibody
  • In MSTO-211H mesothelioma cells, the control (mouse IgG) had 44.7% of cells in G1, 27.6% in S and 12.6% in G2. With JMAM-1, 54.3% were in G1, 17.3% in S and 19.4% in G2.
  • In mice bearing NCI-H226 tumors, the 100 microgram group showed a slight but prolonged survival effect compared with the 10 microgram group and the phosphate-buffered saline group. The result was presented as a Kaplan-Meier curve (Figure 3); no survival times or p-values were given.
  • In NCI-H226 cells (XTT assay), JMAM-1 showed almost the same growth-inhibiting effect as anti-CD26 and ERC-mesothelin antibodies
• The authors' conclusion: The authors concluded that JMAM-1 inhibits the proliferation of malignant mesothelioma cells and described it as an effective treatment for malignant mesothelioma. Their abstract says it may be a candidate for treatment.
• Limitations the authors state:
  • The authors did not know how the binding site (epitope) of JMAM-1 differs from that of other companies' CD10 antibodies
  • The authors stated that, for diagnosis, the new antibody would need to be used together with antibodies currently in use
  • The authors stated that the relationship between cyclin-dependent kinases and CD10 still needs to be examined

Topics

The National Library of Medicine indexes this study under subjects our site covers: Lung cancer, Mesothelioma.

Medical terms in this study, explained in our Lexicon: Mesothelioma, Prognosis, Monoclonal Antibody.

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